分库分表与自定义分表规则

总体介绍

  • Oinone的分库分表方案是基于Sharding-JDBC的整合方案,要先具备一些Sharding-JDBC的知识。[Sharding-JDBC]https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/current/cn/overview/

  • 做分库分表前,大家要有一个明确注意的点就是分表字段(也叫均衡字段)的选择,它是非常重要的,与业务场景非常相关。在明确了分库分表字段以后,甚至在功能上都要做一些妥协。比如分库分表字段在查询管理中做为查询条件是必须带上的,不然效率只会更低。

  • 分表字段不允许更新,所以代码里更新策略设置类永不更新,并在设置了在页面修改的时候为readonly

配置分表策略

  1. 配置ShardingModel模型走分库分表的数据源pamirsSharding
  2. 为pamirsSharding配置数据源以及sharding规则
    a. pamirs.sharding.define用于oinone的数据库表创建用
    b. pamirs.sharding.rule用于分表规则配置
  3. 为pamirsSharding配置数据源以及sharding规则

    1)指定模型对应数据源

pamirs:
  framework:
    system:
      system-ds-key: base
      system-models:
        - base.WorkerNode
    data:
      default-ds-key: pamirs
      ds-map:
        base: base
      modelDsMap:
        "[demo.ShardingModel]": pamirsSharding  #配置模型对应的库

2)分库分表规则配置

pamirs: 
  sharding:
    define:
      data-sources:
        ds: pamirs
        pamirsSharding: pamirs #申明pamirsSharding库对应的pamirs数据源
      models:
        "[trigger.PamirsSchedule]":
          tables: 0..13
        "[demo.ShardingModel]":
          tables: 0..7
          table-separator: _
    rule:
      pamirsSharding: #配置pamirsSharding库的分库分表规则
        actual-ds:
          - pamirs  #申明pamirsSharding库对应的pamirs数据源
        sharding-rules:
          # Configure sharding rule ,以下配置跟sharding-jdbc配置一致
          - tables:
              demo_core_sharding_model: #demo_core_sharding_model表规则配置
                actualDataNodes: pamirs.demo_core_sharding_model_${0..7}
                tableStrategy:
                  standard:
                    shardingColumn: user_id
                    shardingAlgorithmName: table_inline
            shardingAlgorithms:
              table_inline:
                type: INLINE
                props:
                  algorithm-expression: demo_core_sharding_model_${(Long.valueOf(user_id) % 8)}
        props:
          sql.show: true

自定义规则

  • 默认规则即通用的分库分表策略,如按照数据量、哈希等方式进行分库分表;通常默认规则是可以的。
  • 但在一些复杂的业务场景下,使用默认规则可能无法满足需求,需要根据实际情况进行自定义。例如,某些业务可能有特定的数据分布模式或者查询特点,需要定制化的分库分表规则来优化数据访问性能或者满足业务需求。在这种情况下,使用自定义规则可以更好地适应业务的需求。

自定义分表规则示例

示例1:按月份分表(DATE_MONTH )

package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.core.sharding;

import cn.hutool.core.date.DateUtil;
import com.google.common.collect.Range;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.PreciseShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.RangeShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.StandardShardingAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.fun.extern.Slf4j;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * @author wangxian
 * @version 1.0
 * @description
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class DateMonthShardingAlgorithm implements StandardShardingAlgorithm<Date> {

    private Properties props;

    @Override
    public String doSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, PreciseShardingValue<Date> preciseShardingValue) {
        Date date = preciseShardingValue.getValue();
        String suffix = "_" + (DateUtil.month(date) + 1);
        for (String tableName : availableTargetNames) {
            if (tableName.endsWith(suffix)) {
                return tableName;
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("未找到匹配的数据表");
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<String> doSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, RangeShardingValue<Date> rangeShardingValue) {
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        log.info(rangeShardingValue.toString());
        Range<Date> valueRange = rangeShardingValue.getValueRange();
        Date lowerDate = valueRange.lowerEndpoint();
        Date upperDate = valueRange.upperEndpoint();
        Integer begin = DateUtil.month(lowerDate) + 1;
        Integer end = DateUtil.month(upperDate) + 1;
        TreeSet<String> suffixList = ShardingUtils.getSuffixListForRange(begin, end);
        for (String tableName : availableTargetNames) {
            if (containTableName(suffixList, tableName)) {
                list.add(tableName);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }

    private boolean containTableName(Set<String> suffixList, String tableName) {
        boolean flag = false;
        for (String s : suffixList) {
            if (tableName.endsWith(s)) {
                flag = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }

    @Override
    public void init() {

    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "DATE_MONTH";
    }

    @Override
    public Properties getProps() {
        return this.props;
    }

    @Override
    public void setProps(Properties properties) {
        this.props = props;
    }
}

示例2:按特定字段截取去取模分表

package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.core.sharding;

import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.PreciseShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.RangeShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.StandardShardingAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.fun.extern.Slf4j;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Properties;

/**
 * @author wangxian
 * @version 1.0
 * @description
 */
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AppUserCodeShardingAlgorithm implements StandardShardingAlgorithm<String> {

    private Properties props;

    @Override
    public String doSharding(Collection<String> availableTargetNames, PreciseShardingValue<String> preciseShardingValue) {
        String appUserCode = preciseShardingValue.getValue();
        String suffix = "_" + Long.parseLong(appUserCode.substring(1)) % 21;
        for (String tableName : availableTargetNames) {
            if (tableName.endsWith(suffix)) {
                return tableName;
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("未找到匹配的数据表");
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<String> doSharding(final Collection<String> availableTargetNames, final RangeShardingValue<String> shardingValue) {
        return availableTargetNames;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "APP_USER_CODE_TYPE";
    }

    @Override
    public Properties getProps() {
        return this.props;
    }

    @Override
    public void setProps(Properties properties) {
        this.props = props;
    }

    @Override
    public void init() {

    }
}

使用自定义分表策略

1)指定模型对应数据源

pamirs:
  framework:
    system:
      system-ds-key: base
      system-models:
        - base.WorkerNode
    data:
      default-ds-key: pamirs_biz
      ds-map:
        base: base
        demo_core: pamirs
      modelDsMap:
        "[demo.record.MsgRecode]": pamirsSharding

2)分库分表规则配置

pamirs:
  sharding:
    define:
      data-sources:
        ds: pamirs
        pamirsSharding: pamirs
      models:
        "[trigger.PamirsSchedule]":
          tables: 0..13
        "[demo.record.MsgRecode]":
          tables: 0..20
          table-separator: _
    rule:
      pamirsSharding:
        actual-ds:
          - pamirs
        sharding-rules:
          - tables:
              demo_core_record_msg_recode:
                actualDataNodes: pamirs.demo_core_record_msg_recode_${0..20}
                tableStrategy:
                  standard:
                    shardingColumn: app_user_code
                    shardingAlgorithmName: app_user_code_table_algorithm
            shardingAlgorithms:
              app_user_code_table_algorithm:
                type: APP_USER_CODE_TYPE
                props:
                  strategy: STANDARD
                  algorithmClassName:
                    pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.core.sharding.AppUserCodeShardingAlgorithm

配置自定义规则SPI

分库分表规则SPI

在resources/META-INF/services 配置 org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.spi.ShardingAlgorithm

pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.core.sharding.AppUserCodeShardingAlgorithm
pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.core.sharding.DateMonthShardingAlgorithm

Oinone社区 作者:望闲原创文章,如若转载,请注明出处:https://doc.oinone.top/backend/7155.html

访问Oinone官网:https://www.oinone.top获取数式Oinone低代码应用平台体验

Like (0)
望闲's avatar望闲数式管理员
Previous 2024年5月9日 pm3:56
Next 2024年5月13日 pm7:06

相关推荐

  • Oinone引入搜索引擎(增强模型)

    场景描述 在碰到大数据量并且需要全文检索的场景,我们在分布式架构中基本会架设ElasticSearch来作为一个常规解决方案。在oinone体系中增强模型就是应对这类场景,其背后也是整合了ElasticSearch; 使用前你应该 了解ElasticSearch,包括不限于:Index(索引)、分词、Node(节点)、Document(文档)、Shards(分片) & Replicas(副本)。参考官方网站:https://www.elastic.co/cn/ 有一个可用的ElasticSearch环境(本地项目能引用到) 前置约束 增强模型增量依赖数据变更实时消息,因此确保项目的event是开启的,mq配置正确。 项目引入搜索步骤 1、boot工程加入相关依赖包 boot工程需要指定ES客户端包版本,不指定版本会隐性依赖顶层spring-boot依赖管理指定的低版本 boot工程加入pamris-channel的工程依赖 <dependency> <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId> <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId> <version>8.4.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>jakarta.json</groupId> <artifactId>jakarta.json-api</artifactId> <version>2.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>pro.shushi.pamirs.core</groupId> <artifactId>pamirs-sql-record-core</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>pro.shushi.pamirs.core</groupId> <artifactId>pamirs-channel-core</artifactId> </dependency> 2、api工程加入相关依赖包 在XXX-api中增加入pamirs-channel-api的依赖 <dependency> <groupId>pro.shushi.pamirs.core</groupId> <artifactId>pamirs-channel-api</artifactId> </dependency> 3、yml文件配置 在pamirs-demo-boot的application-dev.yml文件中增加配置pamirs.boot.modules增加channel,即在启动模块中增加channel模块。同时注意es的配置,是否跟es的服务一致 pamirs: record: sql: #改成自己本地路径(或服务器路径) store: /Users/oinone/record boot: modules: – channel ## 确保也安装了sql_record – sql_record channel: packages: # 增强模型扫描包配置 – com.xxx.xxx elastic: url: 127.0.0.1:9200 4、项目的模块增加模块依赖 XXXModule增加对ChannelModule的依赖 @Module(dependencies = {ChannelModule.MODULE_MODULE}) 5、增加增强模型(举例) package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.enhance; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.enmu.IncrementEnum; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.meta.Enhance; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.meta.EnhanceModel; import pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.model.ShardingModel; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Model; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.enmu.ModelTypeEnum; @Model(displayName = "测试EnhanceModel") @Model.model(ShardingModelEnhance.MODEL_MODEL) @Model.Advanced(type = ModelTypeEnum.PROXY, inherited = {EnhanceModel.MODEL_MODEL}) @Enhance(shards = "3", replicas = "1", reAlias = true,increment= IncrementEnum.OPEN) public class ShardingModelEnhance extends ShardingModel { public static final String MODEL_MODEL="demo.ShardingModelEnhance"; } 6、重启系统看效果 1、进入【传输增强模型】应用,访问增强模型列表我们会发现一条记录,并点击【全量同步】初始化ES,并全量dump数据 2、再次回到Demo应用,进入增强模型页面,可以正常访问并进增删改查操作 个性化dump逻辑 通常dump逻辑是有个性化需求,那么我们可以重写模型的synchronize方法,函数重写特性在“面向对象-继承与多态”部分中已经有详细介绍。 重写ShardingModelEnhance模型的synchronize方法 重写后,如果针对老数据记录需要把新增的字段都自动填充,可以进入【传输增强模型】应用,访问增强模型列表,找到对应的记录并点击【全量同步】 package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.enhance; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.enmu.IncrementEnum; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.meta.Enhance; import pro.shushi.pamirs.channel.meta.EnhanceModel; import pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.model.ShardingModel; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Field; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Function; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Model; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.enmu.FunctionTypeEnum; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.enmu.ModelTypeEnum; import java.util.List; @Model(displayName = "测试EnhanceModel") @Model.model(ShardingModelEnhance.MODEL_MODEL) @Model.Advanced(type = ModelTypeEnum.PROXY, inherited = {EnhanceModel.MODEL_MODEL}) @Enhance(shards = "3", replicas = "1", reAlias = true,increment= IncrementEnum.OPEN) public class ShardingModelEnhance extends ShardingModel { public static final String MODEL_MODEL="demo.ShardingModelEnhance"; @Field(displayName = "nick") private String nick;…

    2024年5月14日
    2.6K00
  • 【OpenGauss】后端部署使用OpenGauss高斯数据库

    Gauss数据库配置 适配版本 4.7.8.3之后的版本 配置步骤 Maven配置 去华为官网下周驱动包:gsjdbc4.jar;https://support.huaweicloud.com/mgtg-dws/dws_01_0032.html <dependency> <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>gsjdbc</artifactId> <version>4</version> <scope>system</scope> <!– 下面两种方式都可以–> <systemPath>${pom.basedir}/libs/gsjdbc4.jar</systemPath> <!–<systemPath>/Users/wangxian/java-tools/guassdb/gsjdbc4.jar</systemPath>–> </dependency> 导入 scope 为 system 的包,spring 编译插件需要增加 includeSystemScope: true 配置。 <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <includeSystemScope>true</includeSystemScope> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> JDBC连接配置 pamirs: datasource: pamirs: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driverClassName: org.postgresql.Driver url: jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/pamirs?currentSchema=demo username: XXXXXX password: XXXXXX initialSize: 5 maxActive: 200 minIdle: 5 maxWait: 60000 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000 testWhileIdle: true testOnBorrow: false testOnReturn: false poolPreparedStatements: true asyncInit: true base: type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource driverClassName: org.postgresql.Driver url: jdbc:postgresql://127.0.0.1:5432/pamirs?currentSchema=demo_base username: XXXXXX password: XXXXXX initialSize: 5 maxActive: 200 minIdle: 5 maxWait: 60000 timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000 testWhileIdle: true testOnBorrow: false testOnReturn: false poolPreparedStatements: true asyncInit: true 连接url配置 点击查看官方文档:官方文档 url格式 jdbc:postgresql://${host}:${port}/${database}?currentSchema=${schema} 在pamirs连接配置时,${database}和${schema}必须完整配置,不可缺省。 其他连接参数如需配置,可自行查阅相关资料进行调优。 方言配置 pamirs方言配置 pamirs: dialect: ds: base: type: GaussDB version: 5 majorVersion: 5.0.1 pamirs: type: GaussDB version: 5 majorVersion: 5.0.1 数据库版本 type version majorVersion 5.x GaussDB 5 5.0.1 PS:由于方言开发环境为5.0.1版本,其他类似版本(5.x)原则上不会出现太大差异,如出现其他版本无法正常支持的,可在文档下方留言。 schedule方言配置 pamirs: event: enabled: true schedule: enabled: true dialect: type: GaussDB version: 5 major-version: 5.0.1 type version majorVersion GaussDB 5 5.0.1 PS:由于schedule的方言在多个版本中并无明显差异,目前仅提供一种方言配置。 其他配置 逻辑删除的值配置 pamirs: mapper: global: table-info: logic-delete-value: (EXTRACT(epoch FROM CURRENT_TIMESTAMP) * 1000000 + EXTRACT(MICROSECONDS FROM CURRENT_TIMESTAMP))::bigint Gauss数据库用户初始化及授权 — init root…

    2024年3月27日
    2.8K00
  • 流程设计流程结束通知SPI接口

    1.实现SPI接口 import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.common.spi.SPI; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.common.spi.factory.SpringServiceLoaderFactory; import pro.shushi.pamirs.workflow.app.api.entity.WorkflowContext; import pro.shushi.pamirs.workflow.app.api.model.WorkflowInstance; @SPI(factory = SpringServiceLoaderFactory.class) public interface WorkflowEndNoticeApi { void execute(WorkflowContext context, WorkflowInstance instance); } 自定义通知逻辑 /** * 自定义扩展流程结束时扩展点 */ @Order(999) @Component @SPI.Service public class MyWorkflowEndNoticeApi implements WorkflowEndNoticeApi { @Override public void execute(WorkflowContext context, WorkflowInstance instance) { Long dataBizId = instance.getDataBizId(); //todo自定义逻辑 } }

    2023年12月26日
    1.7K00
  • 工作流-流程代办等页面自定义

    1. 审批/填写节点的视图页面 在界面设计器中创建对应模型的表单视图,可根据业务场景需要自定义所需流程待办的审批页面 2. 在审批/填写节点中选择刚创建的视图 在工作流待办数据权限可在节点数据权限中可对字段设置查看、编辑、隐藏

    2024年5月14日
    2.4K00
  • 字段类型之关系描述的特殊场景(常量关联)

    场景概述 【字段类型之关系与引用】一文中已经描述了各种关系字段的常规写法,还有一些特殊场景如:关系映射中存在常量,或者M2M中间表是大于两个字段构成。 场景描述 1、PetTalent模型增加talentType字段2、PetItem与PetTalent的多对多关系增加talentType(达人类型),3、PetItemRelPetTalent中间表维护petItemId、petTalentId以及talentType,PetDogItem和PetCatItem分别重写petTalents字段,关系中增加常量描述。示意图如下: 实际操作步骤 Step1 新增 TalentTypeEnum package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.enumeration; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Dict; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.common.enmu.BaseEnum; @Dict(dictionary = TalentTypeEnum.DICTIONARY,displayName = "达人类型") public class TalentTypeEnum extends BaseEnum<TalentTypeEnum,Integer> { public static final String DICTIONARY ="demo.TalentTypeEnum"; public final static TalentTypeEnum DOG =create("DOG",1,"狗达人","狗达人"); public final static TalentTypeEnum CAT =create("CAT",2,"猫达人","猫达人"); } Step2 PetTalent模型增加talentType字段 package pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.model; import pro.shushi.pamirs.demo.api.enumeration.TalentTypeEnum; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Field; import pro.shushi.pamirs.meta.annotation.Model; @Model.model(PetTalent.MODEL_MODEL) @Model(displayName = "宠物达人",summary="宠物达人",labelFields ={"name"}) public class PetTalent extends AbstractDemoIdModel{ public static final String MODEL_MODEL="demo.PetTalent"; @Field(displayName = "达人") private String name; @Field(displayName = "达人类型") private TalentTypeEnum talentType; } Step3 修改PetItem的petTalents字段,在关系描述中增加talentType(达人类型) @Field.many2many(relationFields = {"petItemId"},referenceFields = {"petTalentId","talentType"},through = PetItemRelPetTalent.MODEL_MODEL ) @Field.Relation(relationFields = {"id"}, referenceFields = {"id","talentType"}) @Field(displayName = "推荐达人",summary = "推荐该商品的达人们") private List<PetTalent> petTalents; Step4 PetDogItem增加petTalents字段,重写父类PetItem的关系描述 talentType配置为常量,填入枚举的值 增加domain描述用户页面选择的时候自动过滤出特定类型的达人,RSQL用枚举的name @Field(displayName = "推荐达人") @Field.many2many( through = "PetItemRelPetTalent", relationFields = {"petItemId"}, referenceFields = {"petTalentId","talentType"} ) @Field.Relation(relationFields = {"id"}, referenceFields = {"id", "#1#"}, domain = " talentType == DOG") private List<PetTalent> petTalents; Step5 PetCatItem增加petTalents字段,重写父类PetItem的关系描述 talentType配置为常量,填入枚举的值 增加domain描述用户页面选择的时候自动过滤出特定类型的达人,RSQL用枚举的name @Field(displayName = "推荐达人") @Field.many2many( through = "PetItemRelPetTalent", relationFields = {"petItemId"}, referenceFields = {"petTalentId","talentType"} ) @Field.Relation(relationFields = {"id"}, referenceFields = {"id", "#2#"}, domain = " talentType == CAT") private List<PetTalent> petTalents; Step6 PetCatItem增加petTalents字段,many2one关系示例 talentType配置为常量,填入枚举的值 增加domain描述用户页面选择的时候自动过滤出特定类型的达人,RSQL用枚举的name @Model.model(PetPet.MODEL_MODEL) @Model(displayName…

    2024年5月25日
    2.2K00

Leave a Reply

Please Login to Comment